arifkarim
Prime Minister (20k+ posts)
Central banks of US, UK etc "print money" all the time. They do it primarily through the process of quantitative easing:Printing of currency is not a solution else US might have done this instead of having over USD100tr loan.

What is quantitative easing and how will it affect you? - BBC News
The Bank of England begins to unwind a key support it brought in during the 2008 financial crisis.

US instead of printing money directly to finance its record debt and deficits issue treasuries and securities that foreign investors such as China and Japan can buy with their own trillion dollar reserves. This way foreign investors fund US govt indirectly and make sure that USD remains global reserve currency

Net Foreign Assets (NFA) Meaning & Creditor/Debtor Status
Net foreign assets (NFA) determine a country's indebtedness status by measuring the difference in its external assets and liabilities.

The US is increasingly a net debtor nation. Should we worry?
At the end of 2020, Americans owed $14 trillion more to the rest of the world than the rest of the world owed to America, according to the latest reading on the nation’s Net Investment Position (NIIP). How did we get here? Is this increase in net foreign liabilities a cause for concern?
