dil-se-desi
MPA (400+ posts)
Historical Chronology of INDIA
Historical Chronology of INDIA
Indian Chronology (Part I)
Indus civilization, Birth and Rise of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Islam, Invasions of Alexander and Hun)
B.C.
3200-2000
The traditionally accepted date of the Indus Valley Civilization. The civilization flourished between 2350-1750.
1200-1000
Rigveda compiled
1000-500
Age of the Ramayana, the Mahabharata or the Bhagwad Gita.
623-543
Traditional years of birth and death of the Buddha (Sidhartha). Buddhism founded in India (Sanchi, Bihar)
540-468
Traditional years of birth and death of Mahavira (Founded Jainism)
377
Buddhist Council at Vaisali
326
Invasion of India by Alexander
324
Maurya Empire founded by Chandragupta
273-232
Reign of Asoka : Asoka spreads message of Buddhism to China and towards East.
190
Greek Kingdoms of N.W. India.
187
End of the Maurya dynasty
187-75
Rule of the Sungas
58
Beginning of Vikram Era.
A.D. (Death of Jesus Christ)
64-225
Kushan dynasty in N.W. India; South Indian Kingdoms of Cholas, Cheras and Pandavas.
78
Accession of Kanishka. Beginning of Saka Era.
320-475
Gupta dynasty; Ajanta Cave frescoes and Ellora Cave carvings
335-376
Reign of Samudra Gupta.
376-414
Reign of Chandragupta II (Vikramaditya).
405-11
Fa-Hien from China travels India.
454
First Hun invasion.
480-90
Fall of Gupta Empire.
606-647
Reign of Harshavardhana.
630-644
Another Chinese Hiuen Tsang travels India.
600-700
Birth and Rise of Islam in the Middle East and Jerusalem area. Followers instructed to Spread Islam around the world.
712
Arab conquest of Sind by Mohammed bin Qasim.
Indian Chronology (Part II)
(Period of Islamic invasions, North India enslaved by 1200 A.D., Entire India enslaved by 1526 A.D., Foundation of Sikhism, Defiance against Mughal rule by Rajput King Rana Pratap, East India Co. founded in India)
712
Arab conquest of Sind by Mohammed bin Qasim.
730
Accession of Yasovarman of Kanyakubja
735
First Parsi settlement
750-1202
Palas & Senas of Bengal
820
Death of Sankaracharya
800-900
Kashmir's Hindu/Budhist culture destroyed. Temples buried.
960-1200
Chandellas of Bundelkhand
1000-1026
Islamic invasion of India by Mahmud of Ghazni.
1050
Buddhist missions to Tibet
1191
Invasion of Muhammad of Ghur
1192
Defeat and Death of Prithviraj, the last Rajput King of Delhi
1206-1290
Establishment of Muslim rule in North India; Reign of Slave Kings
1221
First Mongol invasion by Chengiz Khan.
1228
Conquest of Assam by the Ahoms.
1230
Vijaynagar Kingdom founded in the South.
1290-1316
Reign of the Khalifis at Delhi
1320-1412
Reigh of Tughlak Sultans of Delhi
1347
Bahmani Kingdom of Deccan founded in the South.
1398
Invasion of Timur.
1436-1533
Life of Sri Chatanya, Saint of Bengal.
1451-1526
Reign of Lodi Sultans of Delhi.
1469-1545
Birth and Hindu reformist teachings of Guru Nanak. Exiled by Slave Hindu King. Foundation of Sikhism.
1494
Foundation of Agra by Sikander Lodi.
1498
Vasco da Gama (Portugese) discovered India by sea route & reached Calicut.
1510
Portugese invasions. Portugese captured Goa.
1526
First Battle of Panipat, Establishment of Mughal Empire by Babar. Empire include many Southern kingdoms.
1539-45
Reign of Sher Shah.
1556-1605
Second Battle of Panipat (1556), Reign of Akbar
1556-1597
Rajput King Rana Pratap defies Akbar and retains his Kingdom
1597
Death of Rana Pratap.
1600
East India Co. founded by Royal Charter.
1605
Death of Akbar
Indian Chronology (Part III)
(Moghul Decline, British arrive in India, Building of the Taj Mahal, Terror of Aurangzeb, Shivaji outsmarts Mughuls, Courageous Sikh resistance to Islamic terror and oppression, Nadir Shah sacked North West India, East India Co. takes over North East India, Reforms in Hindu practices, English introduced as medium of instruction in 1835, Indian Mutiny of 1857, India governed by British Crown in 1858)
1612
1st English factory set up at Surat.
1627
Birth of Shivaji
1627-57
Reign of Shah Jahan.
1644
Farman permitting the English to trade in Bengal.
1658-1707
Reign of Aurangzeb.
1668
1st French factory set up at Surat.
1675
Sikh resistance to Moghuls intensifies. Execution of Guru Teg Bahdur, 9th Sikh Guru, by Aurangzeb.
1680
E.I. Company established trading center at Calcutta.
1686-87
Fall of the Kingdoms of Bijapur and Golconda.
1698
The E.I. Co. obtained Zamindari of three villages of Sutanati, Kalikata, and Gobindpur - nucleus of Calcutta.
1707
Death of Aurangzeb, the "terrorist" Mughul King.
1734
Nadir Shah sacked North India/Delhi.
1757
Battle of Plassey
1761
Third Battle of Paniput.
1764
Battle of Buxar.
1765
Grant of Dewani of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa to E.I. Co. by Mughal Emperor Shah Alam.
1772
Warren Hastings appointed first Governal-General of British India.
1775
Execution of Nanda Kumar.
1781
First Newspaper, Hickey's Calcutta Gazette in India.
1784
Pitt's India Bill passed by the British Parliament.
1786-90
Reforms of Cornwallis.
1790
Third Mysore war.
1792-1839
Ranjit Singh succeeds his father as leader of a Sikh Misl. Had lavish life style and arems, Hindu's eldest son raised as Sikh. Tenth Guru Govind Singh's teachings, Sikhs brave Islamic terror and oppression.
1793
Permanent settlement of Bengal.
1799
Death of Tipu Sultan.
1828-35
Lord Bentinck as Governor-General.
1829
Brahmo Samaj founded by Raja Rammohan Roy; Prohibition of Sati.
1835
Introduction of English as medium of instruction.
1839
Death of Ranjit Singh.
1839-42
Anglo-Afghan War.
1854
First postage stamp introduced.
1856
Annexation of Oudh by the British; Introduction of Hindu widow marriage.
1857
Indian Mutiny. Tantaya Tope, Jhansi Rani Lakshmi Bai bravely fight the British army but lose the 'freedom movement'. British reassert.
1858
Transfer of India from E.I. Co. to British Crown.
Indian Chronology (Part IV)
(British Rule, Birth of Rabindranath Tagore, M.K. Gandhi, Arya Samaj Founded by Swami Dayanand Sarsawati, Birth of Subhas Chandra Bose, Swami Vivekanand travels to America, Indian National Congress founded, Muslim League founded, British reforms, Gandhi returns to India from South Africa, Gandhi's quest for freedom and non-cooperation movement, Jalianwalabagh massacre by British at Amritsar, Sikhs join the freedom struggle against British, World War I, Burma separated from India, Provincial autonomy granted, Congress ministries in most provinces, World war II, Bose's I.N.A. movement, Cripps mission, Quit India movement. India partitioned, Freedom at midnight, Kashmir attacked by Afghan/Pakistan, Gandhi's assasination, India becomes Republic)
1858-1947
Transfer of India from E.I. Co. to British Crown in 1857. Period of growth of technology and socio-religious reforms but accompanied with arrogant racism and suppression of native Indian people's rights, Hard labor and widespread economic exploitation.
1861
Birth of Rabindranath Tagore
1869
Birth of Mahatama (Mohandas Karamchand) Gandhi (2nd October).
1874
Great Famine of Bengal
1875
Arya Samaj founded by Swami Dayanand Saraswati.
1885
Indian National Congress founded in Bombay.
1892
Swami Vivekanand travels to America to attend First World Religious Conference. Enlightens attendies about Hinduism.
1897
Birth of Subhash Chandra Bose (23rd Jan).
1905
Partition of Bengal. Anti-Partition Movement begins.
1906
Foundation of the Muslim League
1907
Congress split between extremists and moderates.
1909
Morley-Minto Reforms.
1911
Partition of Bengal revoked. First inland airmail flight.
1913
Nobel Prize for Rabindranath Tagore.
1914
Gandhi returns to India from South Africa; Beginning of World War I
1918
Montague-Chelmsford Reforms; Jalianwalabagh massacre at Amritsar by British (13 April); Sikhs join Indian freedom struggle; Third Afghan war. World War I ends.
1920-22
Non-cooperation Movement; Khilafat Movement.
1930
Civil Disobedience Movement started by Congress
1931
1st Round Table Conference and Gandhi-Irwin pact.
1932
Second Civil Disobedience Movement.
1935
Government of India Act passed.
1937
Inauguration of Provincial Autonomy; Congress Ministries in most provinces; Burma Separated from India (1st April).
1939
Second World War begins, Resignation of Congress Ministries in 9 provinces.
1941
Subhash Chandra Bose escapes from India to organize the I.N.A. Movement.
1942
Cripps' Mission; 'Quit India' Movement started by Gandhi. 1943 - Bengal Famines.
1946
Cabinet Mission's plan; Interim Government with J.L. Nehru as Prime Minister and widespread communal riots.
1947
Partition of India; India becomes independent (15 August); Home Minister Vallabh Bhai Patel consolidates Indian states. Jawahar Lal Nehru is the first Prime Minister. Kashmir attacked by Afghans/Pakistan. Raja Hari Singh signs Kashmir documents to make it a part of India.
1948
Mahatama Gandhi contends India owed Pakistan 55 million rupees. Volunteers to travel to Pakistan to seek reconciliation but is assasinated by Nathuram Godse (Jan 30). UN resolutions on Kashmir.
1949
India's new constitution passed into law (26 Nov)
1950
India becomes a Republic (26 Jan). Kashmir given special status.
Historical Chronology of INDIA
Indian Chronology (Part I)
Indus civilization, Birth and Rise of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Islam, Invasions of Alexander and Hun)
B.C.
3200-2000
The traditionally accepted date of the Indus Valley Civilization. The civilization flourished between 2350-1750.
1200-1000
Rigveda compiled
1000-500
Age of the Ramayana, the Mahabharata or the Bhagwad Gita.
623-543
Traditional years of birth and death of the Buddha (Sidhartha). Buddhism founded in India (Sanchi, Bihar)
540-468
Traditional years of birth and death of Mahavira (Founded Jainism)
377
Buddhist Council at Vaisali
326
Invasion of India by Alexander
324
Maurya Empire founded by Chandragupta
273-232
Reign of Asoka : Asoka spreads message of Buddhism to China and towards East.
190
Greek Kingdoms of N.W. India.
187
End of the Maurya dynasty
187-75
Rule of the Sungas
58
Beginning of Vikram Era.
A.D. (Death of Jesus Christ)
64-225
Kushan dynasty in N.W. India; South Indian Kingdoms of Cholas, Cheras and Pandavas.
78
Accession of Kanishka. Beginning of Saka Era.
320-475
Gupta dynasty; Ajanta Cave frescoes and Ellora Cave carvings
335-376
Reign of Samudra Gupta.
376-414
Reign of Chandragupta II (Vikramaditya).
405-11
Fa-Hien from China travels India.
454
First Hun invasion.
480-90
Fall of Gupta Empire.
606-647
Reign of Harshavardhana.
630-644
Another Chinese Hiuen Tsang travels India.
600-700
Birth and Rise of Islam in the Middle East and Jerusalem area. Followers instructed to Spread Islam around the world.
712
Arab conquest of Sind by Mohammed bin Qasim.
Indian Chronology (Part II)
(Period of Islamic invasions, North India enslaved by 1200 A.D., Entire India enslaved by 1526 A.D., Foundation of Sikhism, Defiance against Mughal rule by Rajput King Rana Pratap, East India Co. founded in India)
712
Arab conquest of Sind by Mohammed bin Qasim.
730
Accession of Yasovarman of Kanyakubja
735
First Parsi settlement
750-1202
Palas & Senas of Bengal
820
Death of Sankaracharya
800-900
Kashmir's Hindu/Budhist culture destroyed. Temples buried.
960-1200
Chandellas of Bundelkhand
1000-1026
Islamic invasion of India by Mahmud of Ghazni.
1050
Buddhist missions to Tibet
1191
Invasion of Muhammad of Ghur
1192
Defeat and Death of Prithviraj, the last Rajput King of Delhi
1206-1290
Establishment of Muslim rule in North India; Reign of Slave Kings
1221
First Mongol invasion by Chengiz Khan.
1228
Conquest of Assam by the Ahoms.
1230
Vijaynagar Kingdom founded in the South.
1290-1316
Reign of the Khalifis at Delhi
1320-1412
Reigh of Tughlak Sultans of Delhi
1347
Bahmani Kingdom of Deccan founded in the South.
1398
Invasion of Timur.
1436-1533
Life of Sri Chatanya, Saint of Bengal.
1451-1526
Reign of Lodi Sultans of Delhi.
1469-1545
Birth and Hindu reformist teachings of Guru Nanak. Exiled by Slave Hindu King. Foundation of Sikhism.
1494
Foundation of Agra by Sikander Lodi.
1498
Vasco da Gama (Portugese) discovered India by sea route & reached Calicut.
1510
Portugese invasions. Portugese captured Goa.
1526
First Battle of Panipat, Establishment of Mughal Empire by Babar. Empire include many Southern kingdoms.
1539-45
Reign of Sher Shah.
1556-1605
Second Battle of Panipat (1556), Reign of Akbar
1556-1597
Rajput King Rana Pratap defies Akbar and retains his Kingdom
1597
Death of Rana Pratap.
1600
East India Co. founded by Royal Charter.
1605
Death of Akbar
Indian Chronology (Part III)
(Moghul Decline, British arrive in India, Building of the Taj Mahal, Terror of Aurangzeb, Shivaji outsmarts Mughuls, Courageous Sikh resistance to Islamic terror and oppression, Nadir Shah sacked North West India, East India Co. takes over North East India, Reforms in Hindu practices, English introduced as medium of instruction in 1835, Indian Mutiny of 1857, India governed by British Crown in 1858)
1612
1st English factory set up at Surat.
1627
Birth of Shivaji
1627-57
Reign of Shah Jahan.
1644
Farman permitting the English to trade in Bengal.
1658-1707
Reign of Aurangzeb.
1668
1st French factory set up at Surat.
1675
Sikh resistance to Moghuls intensifies. Execution of Guru Teg Bahdur, 9th Sikh Guru, by Aurangzeb.
1680
E.I. Company established trading center at Calcutta.
1686-87
Fall of the Kingdoms of Bijapur and Golconda.
1698
The E.I. Co. obtained Zamindari of three villages of Sutanati, Kalikata, and Gobindpur - nucleus of Calcutta.
1707
Death of Aurangzeb, the "terrorist" Mughul King.
1734
Nadir Shah sacked North India/Delhi.
1757
Battle of Plassey
1761
Third Battle of Paniput.
1764
Battle of Buxar.
1765
Grant of Dewani of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa to E.I. Co. by Mughal Emperor Shah Alam.
1772
Warren Hastings appointed first Governal-General of British India.
1775
Execution of Nanda Kumar.
1781
First Newspaper, Hickey's Calcutta Gazette in India.
1784
Pitt's India Bill passed by the British Parliament.
1786-90
Reforms of Cornwallis.
1790
Third Mysore war.
1792-1839
Ranjit Singh succeeds his father as leader of a Sikh Misl. Had lavish life style and arems, Hindu's eldest son raised as Sikh. Tenth Guru Govind Singh's teachings, Sikhs brave Islamic terror and oppression.
1793
Permanent settlement of Bengal.
1799
Death of Tipu Sultan.
1828-35
Lord Bentinck as Governor-General.
1829
Brahmo Samaj founded by Raja Rammohan Roy; Prohibition of Sati.
1835
Introduction of English as medium of instruction.
1839
Death of Ranjit Singh.
1839-42
Anglo-Afghan War.
1854
First postage stamp introduced.
1856
Annexation of Oudh by the British; Introduction of Hindu widow marriage.
1857
Indian Mutiny. Tantaya Tope, Jhansi Rani Lakshmi Bai bravely fight the British army but lose the 'freedom movement'. British reassert.
1858
Transfer of India from E.I. Co. to British Crown.
Indian Chronology (Part IV)
(British Rule, Birth of Rabindranath Tagore, M.K. Gandhi, Arya Samaj Founded by Swami Dayanand Sarsawati, Birth of Subhas Chandra Bose, Swami Vivekanand travels to America, Indian National Congress founded, Muslim League founded, British reforms, Gandhi returns to India from South Africa, Gandhi's quest for freedom and non-cooperation movement, Jalianwalabagh massacre by British at Amritsar, Sikhs join the freedom struggle against British, World War I, Burma separated from India, Provincial autonomy granted, Congress ministries in most provinces, World war II, Bose's I.N.A. movement, Cripps mission, Quit India movement. India partitioned, Freedom at midnight, Kashmir attacked by Afghan/Pakistan, Gandhi's assasination, India becomes Republic)
1858-1947
Transfer of India from E.I. Co. to British Crown in 1857. Period of growth of technology and socio-religious reforms but accompanied with arrogant racism and suppression of native Indian people's rights, Hard labor and widespread economic exploitation.
1861
Birth of Rabindranath Tagore
1869
Birth of Mahatama (Mohandas Karamchand) Gandhi (2nd October).
1874
Great Famine of Bengal
1875
Arya Samaj founded by Swami Dayanand Saraswati.
1885
Indian National Congress founded in Bombay.
1892
Swami Vivekanand travels to America to attend First World Religious Conference. Enlightens attendies about Hinduism.
1897
Birth of Subhash Chandra Bose (23rd Jan).
1905
Partition of Bengal. Anti-Partition Movement begins.
1906
Foundation of the Muslim League
1907
Congress split between extremists and moderates.
1909
Morley-Minto Reforms.
1911
Partition of Bengal revoked. First inland airmail flight.
1913
Nobel Prize for Rabindranath Tagore.
1914
Gandhi returns to India from South Africa; Beginning of World War I
1918
Montague-Chelmsford Reforms; Jalianwalabagh massacre at Amritsar by British (13 April); Sikhs join Indian freedom struggle; Third Afghan war. World War I ends.
1920-22
Non-cooperation Movement; Khilafat Movement.
1930
Civil Disobedience Movement started by Congress
1931
1st Round Table Conference and Gandhi-Irwin pact.
1932
Second Civil Disobedience Movement.
1935
Government of India Act passed.
1937
Inauguration of Provincial Autonomy; Congress Ministries in most provinces; Burma Separated from India (1st April).
1939
Second World War begins, Resignation of Congress Ministries in 9 provinces.
1941
Subhash Chandra Bose escapes from India to organize the I.N.A. Movement.
1942
Cripps' Mission; 'Quit India' Movement started by Gandhi. 1943 - Bengal Famines.
1946
Cabinet Mission's plan; Interim Government with J.L. Nehru as Prime Minister and widespread communal riots.
1947
Partition of India; India becomes independent (15 August); Home Minister Vallabh Bhai Patel consolidates Indian states. Jawahar Lal Nehru is the first Prime Minister. Kashmir attacked by Afghans/Pakistan. Raja Hari Singh signs Kashmir documents to make it a part of India.
1948
Mahatama Gandhi contends India owed Pakistan 55 million rupees. Volunteers to travel to Pakistan to seek reconciliation but is assasinated by Nathuram Godse (Jan 30). UN resolutions on Kashmir.
1949
India's new constitution passed into law (26 Nov)
1950
India becomes a Republic (26 Jan). Kashmir given special status.
