[TABLE="class: infobox vcard"]
[TR]
[TD="colspan: 2, align: center"]

Byrd in 1928
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[TR]
[TH="align: left"]Birth name[/TH]
[TD="class: nickname"]Richard Evelyn Byrd, Jr.[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TH="align: left"]Born[/TH]
[TD]25 October 1888
Winchester, Virginia[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TH="align: left"]Died[/TH]
[TD]11 March 1957 (aged 68)
Boston, Massachusetts[/TD]
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[TR]
[TH="align: left"]Place of burial[/TH]
[TD]
Arlington National Cemetery[/TD]
[/TR]
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[TH="align: left"]Allegiance[/TH]
[TD]
United States[/TD]
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[TH="align: left"]Service/branch[/TH]
[TD]
United States Navy[/TD]
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[TR]
[TH="align: left"]Years of service[/TH]
[TD]1912–1927
1940–1947[/TD]
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[TH="align: left"]Rank[/TH]
[TD]
Rear Admiral[/TD]
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[TR]
[TH="align: left"]Battles/wars[/TH]
[TD]
World War I
World War II[/TD]
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[TH="align: left"]Awards[/TH]
[TD]
Medal of Honor
Navy Cross
Navy Distinguished Service Medal
Distinguished Flying Cross
Legion of Merit
Congressional Gold Medal[/TD]
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[/TABLE]
Rear Admiral Richard Evelyn Byrd, Jr.,
USN (25 October 1888 – 11 March 1957) was an American naval officer who specialized in feats of exploration. He was a pioneering American aviator, polar explorer, and organizer of polar logistics. Aircraft flights, in which he served as a
navigator and expedition leader, crossed the Atlantic Ocean, a segment of the Arctic Ocean, and a segment of the
Antarctic Plateau. Byrd claimed that his expeditions had been the first to reach the
North Pole and the
South Pole by air. That
Roald Amundsen has the first verifiable claim to each pole is now the majority opinion among polar experts.[SUP]
[1][/SUP][SUP]
[2][/SUP] Byrd was a recipient of the
Medal of Honor, the highest honor for heroism given by the United States.
[h=2]Contents[/h]
[h=2]Ancestry[/h] He was the son of Esther Bolling (Flood) and
Richard Evelyn Byrd, Sr. He was a descendant of one of the
First Families of Virginia. His ancestors include planter
John Rolfe and his wife
Pocahontas,
William Byrd II of
Westover Plantation, who established
Richmond, and
Robert "King" Carter, a colonial governor. He was the brother of
Virginia Governor and
U.S. Senator Harry F. Byrd, a dominant figure in
Virginia Democratic Party between the 1920s and 1960s;
their father served as
Speaker of the
Virginia House of Delegates for a time.
[h=2]Family[/h] Admiral Byrd was married (20 January 1915) to the former Marie Donaldson Ames (he named a region of Antarctic land he discovered "
Marie Byrd Land") and had four children:
- Richard Evelyn Jr., (grandchildren Richard Byrd, Leverett S. Byrd, Ames Byrd, and Harry Flood Byrd II)
- Evelyn Bolling Byrd Clarke (grandchildren Evelyn Byrd Clarke, Marie Ames Clarke, Eleanor Clarke, and Richard Byrd Clarke)
- Catherine Agnes Byrd Breyer (grandchildren Robert Byrd Breyer and Katherine Ames Breyer)
- Helen Byrd Stabler (grandchildren David Stabler and Ann Blanchard Stabler)
He also had 3 great grandchildren by Richard Byrd Clarke
- Samuel Ames Clarke
- Anna Marie Clarke
- Richard Byrd Clarke Jr
[h=2]Education and U.S. Navy[/h] Byrd attended the
Virginia Military Institute for two years and spent one year at the
University of Virginia before financial circumstances inspired his transfer to the
United States Naval Academy, where he was appointed Midshipman on May 28, 1908.[SUP]
[3][/SUP]
On June 8, 1912 he graduated from Academy and was commissioned an
ensign in the United States Navy. On July 14, 1912 he was assigned to the battleship
USS Missouri and later assigned to the gunboat
USS Dolphin.[SUP]
[4][/SUP] On March 15, 1916 he was medically retired, promoted to the rank of
lieutenant (junior grade) and assigned as the Inspector and Instructor for the Rhode Island Naval Militia in Providence, Rhode Island.[SUP]
[5][/SUP]
Although technically retired, Byrd was able to serve as a retired officer on active duty during the
First World War. He took flying lessons and earned his pilot wings. He developed a passion for flight, and pioneered many techniques for navigating airplanes over the open ocean including drift indicators and bubble sextants. Byrd was assigned to the Office of Naval Operations and was promoted to
lieutenant on September 2, 1918 and to temporary
lieutenant commander on September 21, 1918.
After the war, Byrd's expertise in aerial navigation resulted in his appointment to plan the flight path for the U.S. Navy's 1919
transatlantic crossing. Of the three
flying boats that attempted it, only
Albert Read's
NC-4 aircraft completed the trip, becoming the first ever transatlantic flight.[SUP]
[6][/SUP]