FAQ on Qadha (missed) Salah (Prayers) Qaza-e-Umri

[Milk Shaykh]

FAQ on Qadha (missed) Salah (Prayers) Qaza-e-Umri


Question: Is there any evidence that Salah missed be made up?


Absolutely!

حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ فَضَالَةَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، جَاءَ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ بَعْدَ مَا غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ، فَجَعَلَ يَسُبُّ كُفَّارَ قُرَيْشٍ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا كِدْتُ أُصَلِّي الْعَصْرَ حَتَّى كَادَتِ الشَّمْسُ تَغْرُبُ‏.‏ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ "‏ وَاللَّهِ مَا صَلَّيْتُهَا ‏"‏‏.‏ فَقُمْنَا إِلَى بُطْحَانَ، فَتَوَضَّأَ لِلصَّلاَةِ، وَتَوَضَّأْنَا لَهَا فَصَلَّى الْعَصْرَ بَعْدَ مَا غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى بَعْدَهَا الْمَغْرِبَ‏.‏​

Sayyidina Jabir bin `Abdullah (RA) narrated that on the day of Al-Khandaq (the battle of trench.) `Umar bin Al-Khattab came cursing the disbelievers of Quraish after the sun had set and said, "O Allah's Messenger (Sallallaho Alaihe Wassallam) I could not offer the `Asr prayer till the sun had set." The Prophet (Nabi Sallallaho Alaihe Wassallam) said, "By Allah! I, too, have not prayed." So we turned towards Buthan, and the Prophet (Nabi Sallallaho Alaihe Wassallam) performed ablution and we too performed ablution and offered the `Asr prayer after the sun had set, and then he offered the Maghrib prayer.[Bukhari]


Question: Some say that when a prayer is missed by mistake it shouldn't be made up?


Incorrect!

حَدَّثَنِي حَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى التُّجِيبِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم حِينَ قَفَلَ مِنْ غَزْوَةِ خَيْبَرَ سَارَ لَيْلَهُ حَتَّى إِذَا أَدْرَكَهُ الْكَرَى عَرَّسَ وَقَالَ لِبِلاَلٍ ‏"‏ اكْلأْ لَنَا اللَّيْلَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَصَلَّى بِلاَلٌ مَا قُدِّرَ لَهُ وَنَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَأَصْحَابُهُ فَلَمَّا تَقَارَبَ الْفَجْرُ اسْتَنَدَ بِلاَلٌ إِلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ مُوَاجِهَ الْفَجْرِ فَغَلَبَتْ بِلاَلاً عَيْنَاهُ وَهُوَ مُسْتَنِدٌ إِلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ فَلَمْ يَسْتَيْقِظْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَلاَ بِلاَلٌ وَلاَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ حَتَّى ضَرَبَتْهُمُ الشَّمْسُ فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَوَّلَهُمُ اسْتِيقَاظًا فَفَزِعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ ‏"‏ أَىْ بِلاَلُ ‏"‏

‏.‏ فَقَالَ بِلاَلٌ أَخَذَ بِنَفْسِي الَّذِي أَخَذَ - بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - بِنَفْسِكَ قَالَ ‏"‏ اقْتَادُوا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَاقْتَادُوا رَوَاحِلَهُمْ شَيْئًا ثُمَّ تَوَضَّأَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَأَمَرَ بِلاَلاً فَأَقَامَ الصَّلاَةَ فَصَلَّى بِهِمُ الصُّبْحَ فَلَمَّا قَضَى الصَّلاَةَ قَالَ ‏"‏ مَنْ نَسِيَ الصَّلاَةَ فَلْيُصَلِّهَا إِذَا ذَكَرَهَا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَالَ ‏**‏ أَقِمِ الصَّلاَةَ لِذِكْرِي‏**‏ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ يُونُسُ وَكَانَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ يَقْرَؤُهَا لِلذِّكْرَى ‏.‏​

Sayyidina Abu Huraira (RA) reported that when the Messenger of Allah (Sallallaho Alaihe Wassallam) returned from the expedition to Khaibar, he travelled one night, and stopped for rest when he became sleepy. He told Bilal to remain on guard during the night and he (Bilal) prayed as much as he could, while the Messenger of Allah (Sallallaho Alaihe Wassallam) and his Companions slept.

When the time for dawn approached Bilal leaned against his camel facing the direction from which the dawn would appear but he was overcome by sleep while he was leaning against his camel, and neither the Messenger of Allah (Sallallaho Alaihe Wassallam) nor Bilal, nor anyone else among his Companions got up, till the sun shone on them. Allah's Messenger (Sallallaho Alaihe Wassallam) was the first of them to awake and, being startled, he called to Bilal who said: Messenger of Allah (Sallallaho Alaihe Wassallam) I may my father and mother be offered as ransom for thee, the same thing overpowered me which overpowered you. He (the Holy Prophet, then) said: Lead the beasts on: so they led their camels to some distance.

The Messenger of Allah (Sallallaho Alaihe Wassallam) then performed ablution and gave orders to Bilal who pronounced the Iqama and then led them in the morning prayer. When he finished the prayer he said: When anyone forgets the prayer, he should observe it when he remembers it, for Allah has said:" And observe the prayer for remembrance of Me" (Qur'an. xx. 14). Yunus said: Ibn Shilab used to recite it like this:" (And observe the prayer) for remembrance." [Muslim]


Question: But is there a clear command in Qur'aan and Sunnah to make up missed prayers?


Absolutely!

وَحَدَّثَنَا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْجَهْضَمِيُّ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، حَدَّثَنَا الْمُثَنَّى، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ "‏ إِذَا رَقَدَ أَحَدُكُمْ عَنِ الصَّلاَةِ أَوْ غَفَلَ عَنْهَا فَلْيُصَلِّهَا إِذَا ذَكَرَهَا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ أَقِمِ الصَّلاَةَ لِذِكْرِي ‏"‏ ‏.‏​

Qatada reported it on the authority of Anas b. Malik (RA) that the Messenger of Allah (Sallallaho Alaihe Wassallam) said: When any one of you omits the prayer due to sleep or he forgets it, he should observe it when he remembers it, for Allah has said:" Observe prayer for remembrance of Me." [Muslim]


Question: But I have heard that the Hanbali Madhab and Imam Ahmed Ibn Hanbal (RA) said that a person doesn't have to make up missed prayers?


Your assertion is entirely incorrect. In Al-Mugni which is one of the most authoritative books of Hanbali Madhab Imam Ibn Qudaamah (RA) states that not only making up prayers is obligatory but it is obligated to make them up in the order it was missed because the Messenger of Allah (Sallallaho Alaihe Wassallam) prayed (missed) Asar and then prayed Maghrib i.e. in order and this has been narrated from Imam Ahmed Ibn Hanbal (RA) many times.

مسألة : قال : ومن ذكر أن عليه صلاة وهو في أخرى ، أتمها ، وقضى المذكورة ، وأعاد التي كان فيها إذا كان الوقت مبقى وجملة ذلك ، أن الترتيب واجب في قضاء الفوائت . نص عليه أحمد في مواضع ، قال في رواية أبي داود فيمن ترك صلاة سنة : يصليها ، ويعيد كل صلاة صلاها وهو ذاكر لما ترك من الصلاة . وقد روي عن ابن عمر رضي الله عنه ما يدل على وجوب الترتيب ، ونحوه عن النخعي ، والزهري ، وربيعة ، ويحيى الأنصاري ، ومالك ، والليث ، وأبي حنيفة ، وإسحاق​

Question: What have Scholars said about making up missed prayers in the Shaf'ae Madhab?


Unanimous consensus of opinion amongst Ulama that missed Salah need to be made up as quoted by Imam Nawawi (RA) and this is also the Shaf'ae position.

اجمع العلماء الذين يعتد بهم علي ان من ترك صلاة عمدا لزمه قضاؤها وخالفهم أبو محمد على ابن حزم فقالا لا يقدر علي قضائها ابدا ولا يصح فعلها ابدا قال بل يكثر من فعل الخير وصلاة التطوع ليثقل ميزانه يوم القيامة ويستغفر الله تعالي ويتوب وهذا الذى قاله مع أنه مخالف للاجماع باطل من جهة الدليل وبسط هو الكلام في الاستدلال له وليس فيما ذكر دلالة أصلا​

Imam Nawawi r.a says , " There is a consensus among all scholars who matter that whoever deliberately misses the prayer is obliged to make it up. Abu Muhammad Ali Ibn Hazm contravened them in this saying that such a person can never make up the prayer and that doing so can never be valid. What he has said, besides being a violation of scholarly consensus, is untrue from the standpoint of evidence, and despite a prolonged discourse to prove his contention, what he mentions is devoid of anything that bears it out.


Question: What is the position of the Maliki Madhab?

إِنَّنِىٓ أَنَا ٱللَّهُ لَآ إِلَـٰهَ إِلَّآ أَنَا۟ فَٱعۡبُدۡنِى وَأَقِمِ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ لِذِڪۡرِىٓ​

[20:14] Surely, I am Allah (SWT). There is no god but Myself, so worship Me, and establish Salah for My remembrance.


Imam Qurtubi Maliki (RA) in his Tafseer (Qurtubi) lists 7 Masail (issues) pertaining to this verse and then agrees that and states the consensus of opinion of all Scholars that missed prayers are obligated to be made up.

فأما من ترك الصلاة متعمدا ، فالجمهور أيضا على وجوب القضاء عليه ، وإن كان عاصيا إلا داود . ووافقه أبو عبد الرحمن الأشعري الشافعي ، حكاه عنه ابن القصار . والفرق بين المتعمد والناسي والنائم ، حط المأثم ؛ فالمتعمد مأثوم وجميعهم قاضون . والحجة للجمهور قوله تعالى

: أقيموا الصلاة ولم يفرق بين أن يكون في وقتها أو بعدها . وهو أمر يقتضي الوجوب . وأيضا فقد ثبت الأمر بقضاء النائم والناسي ، مع أنهما غير مأثومين ، فالعامد أولى . وأيضا قوله : من نام عن صلاة أو نسيها والنسيان الترك ؛ قال الله تعالى : نسوا الله فنسيهم و نسوا الله فأنساهم أنفسهم سواء كان مع ذهول أو لم يكن ؛ لأن الله تعالى لا ينسى وإنما معناه تركهم و ما ننسخ من آية أو ننسها أي نتركها وكذلك الذكر يكون بعد نسيان وبعد غيره . قال الله تعالى : من ذكرني في نفسه ذكرته في نفسي وهو تعالى لا ينسى وإنما معناه علمت
​

Question: What is the position of the Hanafi Madhab?

وفي الحجة الاشتغال بالفوائت أولى وأهم من النوافل إلا السنن المعروفة وصلاة الضحى وصلاة التسبيح والصلوات التي رويت في الأخبار فيها سور معدودة وأذكار معهودة فتلك بنية النفل وغيرها بنية القضاء ، كذا في المضمرات (الفتاوى الهندية و حاشية الطحطاوي على مرارقي الفلاح ص 447 العلمية )​

You should make an earnest effort to estimate the amount of Salahs to make up. To do this, you can commence calculating from the time you became Baligh (mature); however, you should also estimate how many Salahs you might have performed already in order to subtract that number from the total number of Salahs since the age of your Bulūgh (maturity). You should stop performing the Qadha Salahs when you are relatively certain that you have completed them all.


Question: Do I need to make up all missed prayers or just the ones which are Fardh & Waajib?


Only the ones which are Fardh and Waajib which in the Hanafi Madhab are as follows:


1 2 Rakaat of Faj'r


2 4 Rakaat of Dhohar

3 4 Rakaat of Asar


4 3 Rakaat of Marghrib


5 4 Rakaat of Isha


6 3 Rakaat of Wit'r




Question: How come your list has skipped the 2 Sunnah of Faj'r? Do I not make it on the same day?


We have discussed this issue with our local Imam who is a Senior graduate of Darul-uloom Saharunpur (India) and in his opinion Sunnah of Fajr dont need to be made up.


Question: What is Qaza-e-Umri?


Qaza-e-Umri in Urdu means estimating all the prayers in ones lifetime and then making them up. Note that only the Fardh and Waajib prayers need to be made up.


Question: I have missed a lot of prayers is there a quicker way to pray them?


There are some short cut methods on the Internet which suggest skipping Sunnah in prayers and thus shortening it but such a prayer would be devoid of blessings and lessen the reward.


As far as praying qadha umri salah, the Fuqahaa have mentioned an easy method to offer missed salahs. They explain that one should perform one qadha salah before or after every fardh salah. In this way, one can keep track of the amount of completed qadha prayers with ease, while this method will also ensure that too much time will not be taken in making up missed prayers.


I have missed my many (prayers) Namaz and now I want to read my all qaza Namaz (prayers). What advice and method you will give me to read my qaza Namaz (prayers)?


Make an estimate of how many months or years qaza are on your shoulders, then for every day you have to make qaza of 20 rakats seventeen of farz and three of WITR WAJIB; there is no need for qaza of sunnats. Start by making an intention of the first salah you missed, e.g. first Fajr, first Zuhr, etc. When that is done the one after it will become the first, and so on. Whenever you have free time, make wudhu and keep doing your qaza one friend of mine used to do 300 rakats a day until he completed his whole lifes qaza. May Allah make it easy for you and accept it from you.


Note: you cant pray any namaz at three times during sunrise, sunset and at zawaal. After Fajr and Asr nawafil are not allowed; qaza are permitted. However, pray them secretly, not in front of peoples eyes, because not praying salah is a sin and by doing qaza in front of people you bring that into the open, whereas you should never disclose your sins to people.

​

And Allahu A'alim​

 

[There is only 1]

وہ تو ٹھیک ہے پر یہ مکروہ صورت اپنے اوتار میں لگانے کا کیا تک ہے ؟

:mash:

 

[30-Maar Khan]

Why are you promoting various Madhabs? Why not quoting things from Hadiths mainly?

And give any reference for Qadae Umari? I didn't see any such thing in Shariah. If you have seen as such please share it otherwise these are Fatawa of Ulema.

I can raise many questions but answer me that in which Hadith, Witre prayers are Wajib?

 

[Milk Shaykh]

Why are you promoting various Madhabs? Why not quoting things from Hadiths mainly?

is there anything wrong showing proof of performing qadha al umri by quoting scholars from the 4 schools of thoughts, the same schools that have been around for over a thousand years. but if you insist:

Proof from the action of the Prophet and Sahabah :


Once the Prophet was on a journey with some Companions . They had travelled throughout the night
and due to tiredness the Prophet stopped at a particular place and rested together with the Sahabah .
Sayyidina Bilal was given the responsibility to stay awake and inform the sleeping companions of the
time for the Fajr prayer. However, it so happened that Bilal also fell asleep. When the sun rose the
Prophet awoke and informed all the companions that Allah had taken their souls and if Allah so
wished he could have returned their souls before day break. The Prophet then stated: ‘When any of you
sleeps or forgets to pray, then it is compulsory that they perform the missed prayer when they awake or
remember. ’ (Sahih Bukhari p84, #597/ Sunan Abu Dawood p70, #435)



The performing of the missed prayer is compulsory. This is due to the fact that to pray the Salah in its
ordained time is compulsory. When the prayer is missed, it is therefore compulsory to perform that missed
prayer. To perform the missed prayers in the specific order is also compulsory whether the prayer was
missed with or without a valid reason. Those that do not regard performing missed Salah as compulsory are
wrong and are in ignorance. (Sharah Muslim Vol 1 p238)



Sayyidina Ibn Masud stated: ‘On the day of the battle of the trench, the polytheists caused the Prophet
and the Companions to miss 4 prayers (Zohar, Asr, Magrib and Isha). Up to a point that much of the
night had passed, the Prophet then told Bilal to give the Azan. Iqamah was then given and Zohar was
prayed, then Iqamah was given and Asr was prayed, then Iqamah was given and Magrib was prayed and
then finally Iqamah was given and Isha was prayed. (Sunan Tirmidi p43, Sunan Nasai p85)



In this Hadith the prayers are made up in the order they are ordained to be prayed. From this it is
understood that to pray in the given order is compulsory. If the number of missed prayers are more than 5
in number and there is a danger that the present prayer may also be missed due to repeating them, in this
instance the requirement of praying in sequential order is no longer compulsory. (Musnad Abdur Razaaq v2, p4,
Kabeeri p530, Sharah Niqaya v1 p109)



The Rulings of the 4 Madhabs in respect of missed prayers:


The order of praying Qadha Salah for Compulsory missed prayers from the Prophet through Sahih
Ahadith has been confirmed and agreed upon by all the 4 great Imams of Fiqh. The repeating of the missed
Compulsory prayers is necessary no matter how few or many they may be.


Hanafi Fiqh: The well known Hanafi Scholar Allamah ibn Nujaim writes: ‘It is compulsory to make
up all those Salah which are not performed within their required time. Whether this is due to forgetfulness,
sleep, intentional or unintentional or they be few or many in number.’ (Al Bahrur Ra’iq, v2, p141)


Maliki Fiqh: Imam Malik states: ‘The person who forgets to read a great number of prayers or
intentionally left praying them… it is Compulsory for him to make them up according to the best of his
capacity. He should attend to his necessities (of the world etc) and then return to performing those missed (compulsory) prayers until such a time that he has made up all the prayers he missed in his life.’ (Al Madunatul
Qubra, vol1, p215)


Allamah Dasooqi Maliki states: ‘The one who has missed his compulsory prayers should make up 2 or
more or his missed compulsory prayers in a day, so that he may be able to make them up as quickly as
possible. This is said due to the fact that, it may be that, death comes before he can fulfil praying all his
missed (compulsory) prayers.’ (Hashiatul Dasooqi Alal Sharhil Kabeer, v1, p263)


Hanbali Fiqh: More often than not the Ghair Muqalideen (so called Ahle Hadith and Salafi) refer to the
Hanbali Madhab to justify the non-performance of Qadha Salah. It is wrong to lay this claim and use the
Hanbali Madhab as principle for not performing the Compulsory Qadha of missed prayers.


Allamah Mardawi who was regarded as the most authentic of the Hanbali scholars in the early
generations, writes: ‘That person who has missed many of his prayers, it is compulsory upon him to make up
these prayers immediately. The making up of the missed prayers should be completed as quickly as possible
but not to the extent that there is a danger to the person’s body and health in doing so (so quickly). (Al Insaaf,
v1, p442)


Allamah Ibn Taymiyyah has related all the statements of the Imam of Fiqh and agreed with their
statements in respect of making up missed compulsory prayers. He further writes: ‘That person who has
missed compulsory prayers, it is necessary upon him to immediately make up these prayers (offer them),
whether those compulsory prayers were missed due to forgetfulness or intentionally not prayed. This is the
unanimous verdict and ruling of Imam Abu Hanafi, Imam Malik and Imam Shafi (Fatawa Shaykhul
Islam Ibn Taymiyyah, v23, p259)


Allamah Ibn Taymiyyah writes in another place: ‘When a person has missed many prayers, then to
offer Qadha for those missed prayers is better than performing Nawafil. However, if the missed prayers are
few in number then it is good to offer the Sunnah prayer together with the Fara’id that has been missed.’
(Fatawa Shaykhul Islam Ibn Taymiyyah, v22, p104)


Shafi Fiqh: The performing of the missed prayer is compulsory. This is due to the fact that to pray the
Salah in its ordained time was compulsory. When the prayer is missed, it is therefore compulsory to perform
that missed prayer. To perform the missed prayers in the specific order is also compulsory whether the
prayer was missed with or without a valid reason. Those that do not regard performing missed Salah as
compulsory are wrong and in ignorance. (Sharah Muslim Vol 1 p238)

And give any reference for Qadae Umari? I didn't see any such thing in Shariah. If you have seen as such please share it otherwise these are Fatawa of Ulema.

the reason there is no hadith on qadha al umri is because the Sahabah and those who lived around the time of the sahaba and Rasulullah(SAW) did have the brains to fear Allah and not miss their prayers, unlike the vast majority of our ummah. i don't know whether you're trying justify not wanting to read your Salah or not. their is no hadith on qadha al umri because their was no single person who had missed his prayers at such a grand level that it would be considered qadha al umri.

I can raise many questions but answer me that in which Hadith, Witre prayers are Wajib?

it would be my pleasure:

To repeat the Witr prayer of Isha is also necessary:


Sayyidina Buraida related that the Prophet stated: ‘The Witr of Isha is Truly Wajib’. The Prophet
then said three times ‘Whoever does not read the Witr of Isha prayer is not from amongst us (Muslims).’
(Hakim v1, p305, Abu Dawood v1, p201)


Imam Sha’bi, Ata bin Abi Reba, Hasan Basri, Mujahid , all state to never leave out the Witr prayer, even
if the sun comes out, then perform it if you have missed it. (Musanaf Ibn Abi Shayba v2, p290)
The Mujtahid scholars are unanimous upon the fact that it is compulsory of the witr of Isha to be performed
if it is missed. However, the difference merely lies in the fact that Imam Abu Hanifa , & ر regards the Witr
of Isha as a Wajib prayer and the other 3 Imams (Shaf’i, Hanbali, Maliki) regard the Witr of Isha as Sunnah.
Nonetheless, the performing of the Witr is regarded as compulsory by all the Imams irrespective of the
classification of the Salah.


Imam Ibrahim Nakha’i stated: ‘Ibn Umar used to read his Nawafil prayers on his mount when
travelling, no matter which way the animal was facing. However, when it came to the time for the Fard and
Witr of Isha, Ibn Umar would get off his animal and read on the ground.’ (Muwata Imam Muhammed p124)
It is related from Sayyidina Ibn Umar that the Prophet stated: ‘When the time for Subah Sadiq
commences, this signals the end of the time for the prayers of the night and Witr. Therefore you should read
the Witr before Subah Sadiq.’ (Sunan Tirmidhi #468)

It is clear from the above narration that the time for performing Witr is from after Isha to the
commencement of Subah Sadiq. If this time is missed, then Qadha for the Witr Salah should be made.
There is a little difference on the rulings of the Mujtahid scholars as to what time the Witr can be made up if
it is missed. Imam Azam Abu Hanifa , & ر and Imam Shaf’i , & ر state that there is no limit to the
performance of the Qadha of Witr, they regard it with the same principle as the Fard Salah, meaning, Qadha
for Witr has to be performed as long as a person has the ability (life and physical capacity). The justification
for this ruling by these illustrious scholars is that the very same words that the Prophet used when
mentioning the performance of Qadha for the Fard Salah have been used in relation to the Witr Salah also.

And Allahu A'alim