WatanDost
Chief Minister (5k+ posts)
China's first aircraft carrier platform "Liaoning"
delivered to Navy on September 23
http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2012-09/25/c_131871538.htm
China's first aircraft carrier platform "Liaoning" delivered to Navy on September 23
- Thread starter WatanDost
- Start date
China's first aircraft carrier platform "Liaoning"
delivered to Navy on September 23
http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2012-09/25/c_131871538.htm
PUNJABIMUNDANO1
Banned
Indian-built aircraft carrier INS Vikrant launched
The INS Vikrant was launched amid chanting from ancient Hindu scriptures at the Kochi shipyard in the southern state of Kerala
India has unveiled its first home-built aircraft carrier from a shipyard in southern Kerala state.
The 37,500 tonne INS Vikrant is expected to go for extensive trials in 2016 before being inducted into the navy by 2018, reports say.
With this, India joins a select group of countries capable of building such a vessel.
Other countries capable of building a similar ship are the US, the UK, Russia and France.
Monday's launch of INS Vikrant marks the end of the first phase of its construction.
The ship will be then re-docked for outfitting and further construction.
The ship, which will have a length of 260m (850ft) and a breadth of 60m, has been built at the shipyard in Cochin.
It was designed and manufactured locally, using high grade steel made by a state-owned steel company.
Vice-Admiral RK Dhowan of India's navy has described the launch as the "crowning glory" of the navy's programme to produce vessels on home soil.
The INS Vikrant was launched amid chanting from ancient Hindu scriptures at the Kochi shipyard in the southern state of Kerala
India has unveiled its first home-built aircraft carrier from a shipyard in southern Kerala state.
The 37,500 tonne INS Vikrant is expected to go for extensive trials in 2016 before being inducted into the navy by 2018, reports say.
With this, India joins a select group of countries capable of building such a vessel.
Other countries capable of building a similar ship are the US, the UK, Russia and France.
Monday's launch of INS Vikrant marks the end of the first phase of its construction.
The ship will be then re-docked for outfitting and further construction.
The ship, which will have a length of 260m (850ft) and a breadth of 60m, has been built at the shipyard in Cochin.
It was designed and manufactured locally, using high grade steel made by a state-owned steel company.
Vice-Admiral RK Dhowan of India's navy has described the launch as the "crowning glory" of the navy's programme to produce vessels on home soil.
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PUNJABIMUNDANO1
Banned
Pakistan should also try to be the part of this race
Asian Aircraft Carrier Race -- China Vs. India Vs. Japan
Tugboats guide the Vikrant as it leaves the dock of the Cochin Shipyard after the launch ceremony in Kochi AFP/Getty Images via @daylife)
What is it about aircraft carriers that just about any nation of supersize and heft has to have one? That’s the question after the launch over the past week of two aircraft carriers by nations on either side of China – that is, India, to the south and southwest and Japan to the east.
The Indian aircraft carrier won’t actually be able to do anything for real for another five years while the Japanese carrier is supposedly just a large destroyer with an outsized flight deck. The Japanese say that’s big enough for only 14 helicopters, but it sure looks as if it’s intended for fixed-wing aircraft as well.
Nobody’s predicting that either of these mighty warships will go into battle in the near future. Still, the Japanese carrier, or destroyer, does appear as a response to China’s lone aircraft carrier, a discard from the Ukraine that was rebuilt in China but isn’t carrying planes except for testing and training.
Discreetly, the Japanese aren’t boasting much about the 19,500-ton Izumo, which should be ready for action in two years, but Japan’s success in producing such a vessel may diminish the Chinese challenge to Japanese control over the disputed Senkaku islands, Diaoyu to the Chinese. No one doubts that Japanese shipyards, after decades producing some of the biggest, most sophisticated commercial vessels, could turn out still more in the Izumo class – and go up in class to full-fledged aircraft carriers.
At the same time, India is trumpeting Monday’s launch of the 37,500-ton Vikrant as its first “indigenous” aircraft carrier, entirely engineered and produced in India at a shipyard in Cochin on the southeastern coast, but this vessel is far from functional. Yes, it’s safely in the water, to the din of a traditional band and Sanskrit chants, christened by the wife of defense minister A.K. Antony when she broke a coconut on the bow, but basically it’s a shell awaiting a flight deck, bridge and much else.
As for China’s carrier the Liaoning, the new name of a Soviet Navy ship that was launched 25 years ago, it’s been rebuilt and sailing around the Yellow Sea for more than a year, but it’s relegated to the role of a training vessel. Chinese shipyards are expected to try to produce home-made models in the next few years, advancing on much the same technology. At 55,000 tons, the Liaoning’s got a flight deck 999 feet long – not all that much longer than the 860-foot flight deck of the Vikrant or the 814-foot flight deck of the Izumo– and can carry maybe 50 fighter planes compared with 36 on the Vikrant. (The Japanese, of course, don’t say how many planes the Izumo might carry since, remember, it’s not supposed to carry any planes at all.)
China's first aircraft carrier, the 'Liaoning,' berthed at the naval base in Dalian, northeast China's Liaoning province.(AFP/Getty Images via @daylife)
China is obviously upset about the competition, especially from Japan, always seen as looking for an excuse to return to the days of Japanese imperialism that ended 68 years ago this week with the Japanese surrender on August 15, 1945. The Japanese have built hundreds of enormous merchant ships but no military vessel nearly as large as the Izumo since the “Pacific War.”
For India, not known as a ship-building nation despite its long coastlines, the launch of the Vikrant, meaning “courageous,” is a matter of intense pride. “A proud moment for Indian Navy,” headlined The Hindu, a major national newspaper. “In Elite Club,” said a subhead. “Indigenous” and “indigenization” are words that come up regularly in reports of the launch.
It’s as though Indians are overjoyed not to have to describe the ship as “Indianized” via “Indianization” – terms for converting three other carriers, two that began life in the British Royal Navy and a third that’s arriving soon from the Russian navy. “India will join a select club of four nations – U.S., UK, France and Russia – that have the capability to build and operate warships of this size,” said The Indian Express EXPR -0.52%, another national newspaper, despite “a long road ahead” before the ship is completed, has undergone sea trials and is ready for duty.
Actually, India has much more to do than that if the ship is fit for war – for instance against Pakistan. The new Vikrant will not go to war without destroyers for protection and tenders and supply vessels to keep it fueled and its 1,500-man crew adequately fed, but India’s first carrier, also named the Vikrant (the Hercules during its Royal Navy days, now a floating museum in Mumbai), came in handy in the Indo-Pak War more than 40 years ago. .
Crew members of Japan's newest warship, the Izumo. during launch ceremony in Yokohama on August 6, (AFP/Getty Images via @daylife)
But where is the arms race in aircraft carriers really going? How can India justify the investment of more than $5 billion in an aircraft carrier against other priorities ranging from food and health to defense on its land borders with Pakistan and China?
The question seems all the more relevant as U.S.carriers more than twice as large roam the region’s waters. If the aircraft carriers of China, Japan and India ever go to war, it’s a safe bet that the GeorgeWashington and Ronald Reagan, nearly 100,000 tons each, will be throwing their weight around. And that’s to say nothing of a new class of supercarrier beginning with the Gerald R. Ford, due for launch this year.
Asian Aircraft Carrier Race -- China Vs. India Vs. Japan
Tugboats guide the Vikrant as it leaves the dock of the Cochin Shipyard after the launch ceremony in Kochi AFP/Getty Images via @daylife)What is it about aircraft carriers that just about any nation of supersize and heft has to have one? That’s the question after the launch over the past week of two aircraft carriers by nations on either side of China – that is, India, to the south and southwest and Japan to the east.
The Indian aircraft carrier won’t actually be able to do anything for real for another five years while the Japanese carrier is supposedly just a large destroyer with an outsized flight deck. The Japanese say that’s big enough for only 14 helicopters, but it sure looks as if it’s intended for fixed-wing aircraft as well.
Nobody’s predicting that either of these mighty warships will go into battle in the near future. Still, the Japanese carrier, or destroyer, does appear as a response to China’s lone aircraft carrier, a discard from the Ukraine that was rebuilt in China but isn’t carrying planes except for testing and training.
Discreetly, the Japanese aren’t boasting much about the 19,500-ton Izumo, which should be ready for action in two years, but Japan’s success in producing such a vessel may diminish the Chinese challenge to Japanese control over the disputed Senkaku islands, Diaoyu to the Chinese. No one doubts that Japanese shipyards, after decades producing some of the biggest, most sophisticated commercial vessels, could turn out still more in the Izumo class – and go up in class to full-fledged aircraft carriers.
At the same time, India is trumpeting Monday’s launch of the 37,500-ton Vikrant as its first “indigenous” aircraft carrier, entirely engineered and produced in India at a shipyard in Cochin on the southeastern coast, but this vessel is far from functional. Yes, it’s safely in the water, to the din of a traditional band and Sanskrit chants, christened by the wife of defense minister A.K. Antony when she broke a coconut on the bow, but basically it’s a shell awaiting a flight deck, bridge and much else.
As for China’s carrier the Liaoning, the new name of a Soviet Navy ship that was launched 25 years ago, it’s been rebuilt and sailing around the Yellow Sea for more than a year, but it’s relegated to the role of a training vessel. Chinese shipyards are expected to try to produce home-made models in the next few years, advancing on much the same technology. At 55,000 tons, the Liaoning’s got a flight deck 999 feet long – not all that much longer than the 860-foot flight deck of the Vikrant or the 814-foot flight deck of the Izumo– and can carry maybe 50 fighter planes compared with 36 on the Vikrant. (The Japanese, of course, don’t say how many planes the Izumo might carry since, remember, it’s not supposed to carry any planes at all.)
China's first aircraft carrier, the 'Liaoning,' berthed at the naval base in Dalian, northeast China's Liaoning province.(AFP/Getty Images via @daylife)China is obviously upset about the competition, especially from Japan, always seen as looking for an excuse to return to the days of Japanese imperialism that ended 68 years ago this week with the Japanese surrender on August 15, 1945. The Japanese have built hundreds of enormous merchant ships but no military vessel nearly as large as the Izumo since the “Pacific War.”
For India, not known as a ship-building nation despite its long coastlines, the launch of the Vikrant, meaning “courageous,” is a matter of intense pride. “A proud moment for Indian Navy,” headlined The Hindu, a major national newspaper. “In Elite Club,” said a subhead. “Indigenous” and “indigenization” are words that come up regularly in reports of the launch.
It’s as though Indians are overjoyed not to have to describe the ship as “Indianized” via “Indianization” – terms for converting three other carriers, two that began life in the British Royal Navy and a third that’s arriving soon from the Russian navy. “India will join a select club of four nations – U.S., UK, France and Russia – that have the capability to build and operate warships of this size,” said The Indian Express EXPR -0.52%, another national newspaper, despite “a long road ahead” before the ship is completed, has undergone sea trials and is ready for duty.
Actually, India has much more to do than that if the ship is fit for war – for instance against Pakistan. The new Vikrant will not go to war without destroyers for protection and tenders and supply vessels to keep it fueled and its 1,500-man crew adequately fed, but India’s first carrier, also named the Vikrant (the Hercules during its Royal Navy days, now a floating museum in Mumbai), came in handy in the Indo-Pak War more than 40 years ago. .
Crew members of Japan's newest warship, the Izumo. during launch ceremony in Yokohama on August 6, (AFP/Getty Images via @daylife)But where is the arms race in aircraft carriers really going? How can India justify the investment of more than $5 billion in an aircraft carrier against other priorities ranging from food and health to defense on its land borders with Pakistan and China?
The question seems all the more relevant as U.S.carriers more than twice as large roam the region’s waters. If the aircraft carriers of China, Japan and India ever go to war, it’s a safe bet that the GeorgeWashington and Ronald Reagan, nearly 100,000 tons each, will be throwing their weight around. And that’s to say nothing of a new class of supercarrier beginning with the Gerald R. Ford, due for launch this year.
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PUNJABIMUNDANO1
Banned
India's aircraft carrier INS Vikrant a threat: Chinese media report
File photo of India's indigenous aircraft carrier INS Vikrant
Beijing: Describing the launch of India's aircraft carrier and Japan's biggest warship since World War II as a threat to China, a report in the state-run media today alleged some countries are backing New Delhi to balance Beijing's power.
The launch of India's INS Vikrant and Japan's helicopter carrier serve as a warning for China, said an article on the state-run Global Times' website.
"Some Chinese scholars emphasise that India has yet to grasp the key technologies of the carrier and that it will rely on other countries to maintain and upgrade the carrier. But it is also a fact that many countries are supporting India in developing advanced weaponry, not only for profit but also to balance China's power," said Liu Zongyi, an assistant research fellow with the Centre for Asia-Pacific Studies, Shanghai Institutes for International Studies, in the article.
"India is well aware of the intention of the Western countries. Some politicians and media outlets in India deliberately stress the role of India's military buildup in containing China so as to please those traditional powers," it claimed.
But at the same time it said the launch of India's home-built aircraft carrier is indeed worth celebrating, because it marks a firm stride toward the indigenization of arms. The triumphant launch of the hull demonstrated India's progress in building giant surface carriers, it said.
"The launch also shows that the Indian government has had preliminary success in localising arms production. The government has invested billions of dollars in the construction, research and development of domestic ship-building," it said.
Together with the launch of domestically-built nuclear submarine INS Arihant, it will help boost the ruling Congress Party's election chances next year.
While China's rise is mainly an economic one, India's emergence is more prominent in the military sphere, it said quoting Stockholm International Peace Research Institute report stating that India has been the largest weapons importer ever since 2011.
"The so-called external threats may serve as an excuse for engaging in military expansion as well as corruption, which has been endemic in India's scandal-ridden weaponry development in recent years," it said.
File photo of India's indigenous aircraft carrier INS Vikrant
Beijing: Describing the launch of India's aircraft carrier and Japan's biggest warship since World War II as a threat to China, a report in the state-run media today alleged some countries are backing New Delhi to balance Beijing's power.
The launch of India's INS Vikrant and Japan's helicopter carrier serve as a warning for China, said an article on the state-run Global Times' website.
"Some Chinese scholars emphasise that India has yet to grasp the key technologies of the carrier and that it will rely on other countries to maintain and upgrade the carrier. But it is also a fact that many countries are supporting India in developing advanced weaponry, not only for profit but also to balance China's power," said Liu Zongyi, an assistant research fellow with the Centre for Asia-Pacific Studies, Shanghai Institutes for International Studies, in the article.
"India is well aware of the intention of the Western countries. Some politicians and media outlets in India deliberately stress the role of India's military buildup in containing China so as to please those traditional powers," it claimed.
But at the same time it said the launch of India's home-built aircraft carrier is indeed worth celebrating, because it marks a firm stride toward the indigenization of arms. The triumphant launch of the hull demonstrated India's progress in building giant surface carriers, it said.
"The launch also shows that the Indian government has had preliminary success in localising arms production. The government has invested billions of dollars in the construction, research and development of domestic ship-building," it said.
Together with the launch of domestically-built nuclear submarine INS Arihant, it will help boost the ruling Congress Party's election chances next year.
While China's rise is mainly an economic one, India's emergence is more prominent in the military sphere, it said quoting Stockholm International Peace Research Institute report stating that India has been the largest weapons importer ever since 2011.
"The so-called external threats may serve as an excuse for engaging in military expansion as well as corruption, which has been endemic in India's scandal-ridden weaponry development in recent years," it said.
PUNJABIMUNDANO1
Banned
This is the situation of our beloved Pakistan
Pakistan's Pledge to Fund Naval Development Met with
Skepticism
Aug. 8, 2013 - 02:58PM |
By USMAN ANSARI
ISLAMABAD — Despite a pledge from Pakistan’s minister of defense production that the Navy’s modernization projects will move forward, analysts are skeptical that the cash-strapped government will actually fund the programs.
The Associated Press of Pakistan stated Tanveer Hussain “ensured all necessary resources will be provided for timely completion of the projects to enhance the professional capabilities of Pakistan Navy,” during a visit Tuesday to Naval Headquarters in Islamabad, during which he met with naval chief Adm. Mohammad Asif Sandila.
Hussain is also said to have “acknowledged the future indigenous developmental plans of [the] Pakistan Navy to strengthen the defense of motherland.”
According to a 2011 Ministry of Defence Production report, those major programs are: construction of the next-generation submarine, corvettes, a follow-on order for Azmat-class fast-attack craft, fleet oil tanker and one hovercraft.
The fleet oil tanker project is the only one known to be active. Turkish design and systems integrator STM signed a deal in January for Karachi Shipyard and Engineering Works to build the tanker.
Analyst Usman Shabbir of the Pakistan Military Consortium think tank dismisses Hussain’s visit as nothing beyond a “routine courtesy call by a politician” during which the need was felt to say something.
“I don’t think anything will come out of it,” he said.
Still, former Australian defense attach to Islamabad Brian Cloughley said the Navy has urgent needs.
Despite Hussain’s visit and claims being of little real consequence, this “doesn’t alter the fact that Pakistan badly needs submarines and frigates; another three of each at least.”
However, “There is no
money: Pakistan is
broke, and any
commitment to spend
billions [which is what
any program will cost]
is at the present time
unthinkable,” he said.
“The government has got many and much more important priorities, not least of which is the power sector,” he added.
The lack of funds has not, however, completely stymied acquisition efforts.
Further surplus Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates are unlikely to be transferred from the US to join the sole example in service, and Pakistan’s six ex-British Type 21 frigates have reached the end of their feasible lives.
Pakistan therefore hopes to acquire four surplus Type 42 destroyers from the UK.
Details on negotiations from official sources have not been forthcoming. The Ministry of Defence in Pakistan, the UK High Commission in Islamabad, and the UK Ministry of Defence all either refused or could not give any details on the negotiations.
Pakistan reportedly wants the destroyers to be transferred as aid, though initially the UK was willing only to sell, not transfer, a single warship. It now appears all four are for sale.
Cloughley describes this as “most welcome news” considering the strength of opposition in the UK to any attempt to allow Pakistan to acquire the destroyers.
“It always made sense for the British to do it,” he said, “but the pro-India, anti-Pakistan lobby in Westminster and Whitehall is very strong. Naturally, they will do what they can to complicate matters, in which they are assisted by Pakistan asking that the transfer be on an aid basis.”
However, Cloughley said the UK has to decide between the scrap value of the destroyers, and what could be obtained from a sale to Pakistan.
“When you consider that the aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal was sold in May for a scrap value of 2.9 million pounds (US $4.4 million), the Type 42s wouldn’t get much more; and there are no other buyers for them in sea-going condition. So denying them as aid [to Pakistan] would be an act of pettiness,” he said.
However, even now it is uncertain if Pakistan can afford the purchase since the ships will need extensive upgrades. The Sea Dart missile system, [the ships’ only missile armament] has been removed from the destroyers and has been retired.
Cloughley believes this is not necessarily a problem as “there are better systems than Sea Dart, and I think the Chinese would be happy to assist.”
However, Shabbir said there may be opposition to a Type 42 deal from within the ranks of the Pakistan Navy itself.
He cites the post-1998 nuclear-related sanctions on Pakistan, in which the UK stopped the spares and support program for British-origin weapon systems. This adversely affected the Pakistan Navy’s three-strong Westland Lynx helicopter fleet in particular as even safety-related components and systems were embargoed.
“This is one of the main reasons for resentment in PN officer ranks towards the UK,” and why he believes many naval officers are determined to “never touch a UK-made system again, not even if it is given for free.”
“This is the reason I doubt the PN will ever go for any retired UK ships,” he said. “Besides, the Chinese are coming up with solutions that match or in many cases exceed what the UK has to offer at cheaper credit with no chance of sanctions.”
Despite the immediate need, with Pakistan’s economy in the doldrums, the Navy’s acquisition efforts may remain stymied.
Pakistan's Pledge to Fund Naval Development Met with
Skepticism
Aug. 8, 2013 - 02:58PM |
By USMAN ANSARI
ISLAMABAD — Despite a pledge from Pakistan’s minister of defense production that the Navy’s modernization projects will move forward, analysts are skeptical that the cash-strapped government will actually fund the programs.
The Associated Press of Pakistan stated Tanveer Hussain “ensured all necessary resources will be provided for timely completion of the projects to enhance the professional capabilities of Pakistan Navy,” during a visit Tuesday to Naval Headquarters in Islamabad, during which he met with naval chief Adm. Mohammad Asif Sandila.
Hussain is also said to have “acknowledged the future indigenous developmental plans of [the] Pakistan Navy to strengthen the defense of motherland.”
According to a 2011 Ministry of Defence Production report, those major programs are: construction of the next-generation submarine, corvettes, a follow-on order for Azmat-class fast-attack craft, fleet oil tanker and one hovercraft.
The fleet oil tanker project is the only one known to be active. Turkish design and systems integrator STM signed a deal in January for Karachi Shipyard and Engineering Works to build the tanker.
Analyst Usman Shabbir of the Pakistan Military Consortium think tank dismisses Hussain’s visit as nothing beyond a “routine courtesy call by a politician” during which the need was felt to say something.
“I don’t think anything will come out of it,” he said.
Still, former Australian defense attach to Islamabad Brian Cloughley said the Navy has urgent needs.
Despite Hussain’s visit and claims being of little real consequence, this “doesn’t alter the fact that Pakistan badly needs submarines and frigates; another three of each at least.”
However, “There is no
money: Pakistan is
broke, and any
commitment to spend
billions [which is what
any program will cost]
is at the present time
unthinkable,” he said.
“The government has got many and much more important priorities, not least of which is the power sector,” he added.
The lack of funds has not, however, completely stymied acquisition efforts.
Further surplus Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates are unlikely to be transferred from the US to join the sole example in service, and Pakistan’s six ex-British Type 21 frigates have reached the end of their feasible lives.
Pakistan therefore hopes to acquire four surplus Type 42 destroyers from the UK.
Details on negotiations from official sources have not been forthcoming. The Ministry of Defence in Pakistan, the UK High Commission in Islamabad, and the UK Ministry of Defence all either refused or could not give any details on the negotiations.
Pakistan reportedly wants the destroyers to be transferred as aid, though initially the UK was willing only to sell, not transfer, a single warship. It now appears all four are for sale.
Cloughley describes this as “most welcome news” considering the strength of opposition in the UK to any attempt to allow Pakistan to acquire the destroyers.
“It always made sense for the British to do it,” he said, “but the pro-India, anti-Pakistan lobby in Westminster and Whitehall is very strong. Naturally, they will do what they can to complicate matters, in which they are assisted by Pakistan asking that the transfer be on an aid basis.”
However, Cloughley said the UK has to decide between the scrap value of the destroyers, and what could be obtained from a sale to Pakistan.
“When you consider that the aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal was sold in May for a scrap value of 2.9 million pounds (US $4.4 million), the Type 42s wouldn’t get much more; and there are no other buyers for them in sea-going condition. So denying them as aid [to Pakistan] would be an act of pettiness,” he said.
However, even now it is uncertain if Pakistan can afford the purchase since the ships will need extensive upgrades. The Sea Dart missile system, [the ships’ only missile armament] has been removed from the destroyers and has been retired.
Cloughley believes this is not necessarily a problem as “there are better systems than Sea Dart, and I think the Chinese would be happy to assist.”
However, Shabbir said there may be opposition to a Type 42 deal from within the ranks of the Pakistan Navy itself.
He cites the post-1998 nuclear-related sanctions on Pakistan, in which the UK stopped the spares and support program for British-origin weapon systems. This adversely affected the Pakistan Navy’s three-strong Westland Lynx helicopter fleet in particular as even safety-related components and systems were embargoed.
“This is one of the main reasons for resentment in PN officer ranks towards the UK,” and why he believes many naval officers are determined to “never touch a UK-made system again, not even if it is given for free.”
“This is the reason I doubt the PN will ever go for any retired UK ships,” he said. “Besides, the Chinese are coming up with solutions that match or in many cases exceed what the UK has to offer at cheaper credit with no chance of sanctions.”
Despite the immediate need, with Pakistan’s economy in the doldrums, the Navy’s acquisition efforts may remain stymied.
If a country has no designs to go after countries not in his hemisphere than Air craft carrier is not a thing to own , Pakistan's air force is capable enough to damage any attack by India, Pak. Air force has proved it many times, so rest assure Kramer will be dealt with if it tried any thing foolish.
Liaoning (16), is the first aircraft carrier commissioned into the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN).[SUP][3][/SUP] Originally laid down as the Admiral Kuznetsov class multirole aircraft carrier Riga for the Soviet Navy, she was launched on December 4, 1988 and renamed Varyag in 1990. The stripped hulk was purchased in 1998 by the People's Republic of China and towed to Dalian Shipyard in north eastern China. After being completely rebuilt and undergoing sea trials, the ship was commissioned into the PLAN as Liaoning on September 25, 2012.[SUP][3][/SUP]
khan afghan1
Minister (2k+ posts)
Pakistan should never enter this race rather they should focus on people welfare,health
education and justice system.U.S has more than the rest of the world naval power but
U.S with its mighty naval power and 50 allies facing a stunning defeat by the hands AFGHAN
with just AK-47 and RPG.These things cant stand before faith.
education and justice system.U.S has more than the rest of the world naval power but
U.S with its mighty naval power and 50 allies facing a stunning defeat by the hands AFGHAN
with just AK-47 and RPG.These things cant stand before faith.
