خطرناک دماغی بیماری ‘ الزائیمرز ‘ سے متعلق اہم تحقیق منظرعام پر

[Night_Hawk]

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خطرناک دماغی بیماری ‘ الزائیمرز ‘ سے متعلق اہم تحقیق منظرعام پر​

الزائیمرز کے بارے میں ہم صرف اتنا ہی جانتے تھے کہ اس کی وجہ دماغ میں بننے والے پروٹین ’’ایمیلائیڈز‘‘ ہوتے ہیں جو دماغی خلیوں کو آہستہ آہستہ ختم کر ڈالتے ہیں۔
اب سائنسدانوں نے اس خطرناک بیماری کا ممکنہ سبب معلوم کرلیا ہے، آسٹریلوی ماہرین نے دریافت کیا ہے کہ دماغ کی ایک خطرناک بیماری ’’الزائیمرز‘‘ کے اسباب دراصل جگر سے شروع ہوتے ہیں اور وہیں سے دماغ تک پہنچتے ہیں۔
البتہ یہی پروٹین ہمارے جگر میں بھی بنتے ہیں لہذا ایک متبادل مفروضہ یہ بھی تھا کہ شاید انسانی جگر میں بننے والے ایمیلائیڈز کسی نہ کسی طرح ہمارے دماغ تک پہنچتے ہیں جہاں یہ الزائیمرز بیماری کی وجہ بن جاتے ہیں۔
اس مفروضے کو ’’ایمیلائیڈز ہائپوتھیسس‘‘ بھی کہا جاتا ہے تاہم اس بارے میں اب تک ہمارے پاس کوئی ثبوت موجود نہیں تھا۔
یہ بھی پڑھیں: دماغی بیماری کی چوبیس گھنٹے میں‌ تشخیص ممکن، طب کی دنیا میں‌ اہم دریافت
چوہوں پر کی گئی ایک نئی تحقیق میں بینٹلی، آسٹریلیا کی کرٹن یونیورسٹی کے ماہرین نے چوہوں کی ایک ایسی نسل تیار کی جس کے جگر میں انسانی ایمیلائیڈز بن رہے تھے جنہوں نے دماغ تک پہنچ کر وہاں موجود خلیوں کے مرنے کی رفتار میں اضافہ کردیا جس سے ان کی یادداشت بھی تیزی سے ختم ہونے لگی۔
یہ وہی مخصوص علامات ہیں جو الزائیمرز بیماری کی ابتداء سے تعلق رکھتی ہیں، اس طرح کم از کم چوہوں کی حد تک اتنا ضرور ثابت ہوگیا ہے کہ الزائیمرز کی ابتداء میں دماغ سے زیادہ جگر کا کردار ہوتا ہے۔
ماہرین کی یہی ٹیم اب انسانی مشاہدات کی تیاری کررہی ہے تاکہ انسانوں کےلیے بھی ایمیلائیڈز مفروضے کی حتمی طور پر تصدیق کی جاسکے، اگر یہ بات انسانوں میں بھی درست ثابت ہوئی الزائیمرز کی روک تھام اور ممکنہ علاج میں جگر پر بھی توجہ دی جاسکے گی۔
یہ تحقیق آن لائن ریسرچ جرنل ’’پی ایل او ایس بائیالوجی‘‘ کے تازہ شمارے میں شائع ہوئی ہے۔
واضح رہے کہ الزائیمرز بیماری میں دماغ کے خلیے تیزی سے مرتے ہیں اور دماغ بھی بتدریج سکڑنے لگتا ہے، آخرکار یہ عمل مریض کی موت پر جا کر ہی رکتا ہے۔
Source​

 

[Qudsi]

Main samjha Bao g ka koi naya masla nikal aya

 

[Night_Hawk]

Understanding Alzheimer's Disease -- Symptoms​

The symptoms of Alzheimer's disease often come on slowly. It might start when someone has trouble recalling things that just happened or putting thoughts into words. But over time, the problems get worse. People in the later stages of the disease usually can’t live alone or care for themselves.
There are three main phases of Alzheimer's: mild, moderate, and severe. Each stage has its own set of symptoms.

Mild Alzheimer's​

The first stage usually lasts from 2 to 4 years. The symptoms include:

• Having less energy and drive to do things
• Less interest in work and social activities and spending more time just sitting, watching TV, or sleeping
• Loss of recent memories, like forgetting conversations and events that just happened
• Language problems, like trouble putting their thoughts into words or understanding others
• Mild coordination problems, such as trouble writing or using familiar objects.
• A hard time with everyday tasks, such as following a recipe or balancing a checkbook
• Mood swings that involve depression or a lack of interest
• Trouble with driving, like getting lost on familiar routes

When a person has one or a few of these issues, it doesn’t necessarily mean they have Alzheimer's. There are other medical conditions that can cause the same problems, such as:

• Conditions that affect metabolism, such as a thyroid problem
• Drug abuse
• Taking medications that don’t work well together
• Parkinson's disease
• Stress
• Depression

A doctor can check on these symptoms and do tests to know if a person has Alzheimer’s or something else.

Moderate Alzheimer's​

This is when memory loss gets worse and starts to cause problems in daily life. This stage can last from 2 to 10 years.
Someone with moderate Alzheimer's may start to forget details about their life, like where they went to high school or when they got married. They may not recognize or remember family members and friends. They might also forget where they leave things and can’t retrace their steps to find them.

Other symptoms at this stage can include:

• Rambling speech
• Trouble coming up with the right words and using the wrong ones
• A hard time planning or solving problems
• Confusion about time or place. They may get lost in places they have been before. Once they are there, they may not know how or why they got to that place.
• Not dressing for the weather
• Getting angry or upset easily, sometimes lashing out at family or caregivers
• Trouble sleeping
• Wandering
• Delusions, such as thinking a caregiver is trying to hurt them

Some people with moderate Alzheimer’s also become more aware that they’re losing control of their lives, which can make them even more frustrated or depressed.

Severe Alzheimer's​

The third stage, also known as late Alzheimer's, is the most severe. It typically lasts 1 to 3 years.
People in this phase might have some or all of these symptoms:

• Major confusion about what’s in the past and what’s happening now
• Can’t express themselves, remember, or process information
• Problems with swallowing and control of their bladder and bowels
• Weight loss, seizures, skin infections, and other illnesses
• Extreme mood swings
• Seeing, hearing, or feeling things that aren’t really there, called hallucinations
• Can’t move easily on their own

Alzheimer's or Normal Aging?​

Just about everyone has minor memory glitches as they get older. If someone forgets a name or why they walked into the kitchen, that doesn't mean they have Alzheimer's.
The main problem that defines the disease is trouble planning and handling day-to-day tasks, like paying bills, managing a checkbook, or using familiar appliances around the house.

What You Can Do​

If you think you notice the signs of Alzheimer’s in yourself or a loved one, the best thing to do is to talk to a doctor. They can let you know what the symptoms mean and what your options are for treating them. There are new advances available which can help with early detection and treatment. One is as simple as a blood test to determine the presence or absence of proteins that may indicate there are Alzheimer's associated plaques in the brain.

 

[Night_Hawk]

Main samjha Bao g ka koi naya masla nikal aya

????

 

[taban]

اچھا ہے جگر نہیں رہے ورنہ انکو جگر کی یہ انسان دشمنی پڑھ کر افسوس ہوتا

دل سے تیری نگاہ جگر تک اتر گئی
دونوں کو اک ادا میں رضامند کر گئی

 

[mughals]

 

[bottom line]

worst disease ever at the last stage person forget how to swallow. specially in countries like pakistan where no nursing care available or affordable the whole family suffer??

 

[Night_Hawk]

worst disease ever at the last stage person forget how to swallow. specially in countries like pakistan where no nursing care available or affordable the whole family suffer??

I have seen geriatric patients inflicted with horrible disease. May be some one will read and try to understand this monster disease. Last stage is very horrible.

 

[mughals]

all edible things that Quran mentioned should be enough to save ourselves from all diseases.

 

[NasNY]

My father is living with it, it’s difficult to see him leave a moment at a time. My research has shown that most promising treatment is stem cell. But it’s. Too expensive and not covered by insurance.
My father is 87 and is in a peaceful state of mind.
Thanks. to Allah, he has forgotten almost everything but sometimes he wakes up in the middle of the night asking if he did his Namaz.
May Allah grant him peace in this life and Jannat hereafter.

 

[Wake up Pak]

Vitamin C has been shown to reduce your risk of Alzheimer's disease by 20% when taken with vitamin E.

 

[NasNY]

all edible things that Quran mentioned should be enough to save ourselves from all diseases.

Sometimes the disease of the patient is not a judgment on the patient but a test on the loved ones of the patient.

 

[Allama G]

Vitamin C has been shown to reduce your risk of Alzheimer's disease by 20% when taken with vitamin E.

Sir yeh kahan ki research hai ?

 

[Wake up Pak]

Be Sure to Start Taking Your Vitamins and Memory-Specific Nutrients:

• Coenzyme Q10.
• Alpha-lipoic acid.
• Ginkgo biloba. (Check with your doctor)
• Omega-3's. (From fish or supplements)

 

[Wake up Pak]

Sir yeh kahan ki research hai ?

It was tried by my friend's dad and it seems to help

 

[Night_Hawk]

My father is living with it, it’s difficult to see him leave a moment at a time. My research has shown that most promising treatment is stem cell. But it’s. Too expensive and not covered by insurance.
My father is 87 and is in a peaceful state of mind.
Thanks. to Allah, he has forgotten almost everything but sometimes he wakes up in the middle of the night asking if he did his Namaz.
May Allah grant him peace in this life and Jannat hereafter.

May Allah Give you strength to take of your father and Reward you for your Kindness towards your father.As I have mentioned earlier in the previous post I have seen many geriatric patients inflicted with this illness and there is nobody to look after them. The Kids just leave them at the mercy of the Healthcare institutions.

 

[Night_Hawk]

Understanding Alzheimer's Disease: Diagnosis & Treatment ​

Medically Reviewed by Christopher Melinosky, MD on November 12, 2020

In this Article ​

• How Do I Know I Have Alzheimer’s Disease?
• What’s the Treatment for Alzheimer's Disease?
• Other Treatments

How Do I Know I Have Alzheimer’s Disease?​

If you think you or a loved one has signs of Alzheimer’s, see a doctor so you can know for sure. The symptoms of the disease can look a lot like those of many other conditions, including:

• Infections
• Taking medications that don’t work well together
• Small strokes
• Depression
• Low blood sugar
• Thyroid problems
• Brain tumors
• Parkinson’s disease

The doctor will test you or your loved one to see if you really have Alzheimer’s. They’ll start with a physical exam and tests of your mental status, including:

• Memory
• Verbal skills
• Problem solving
• Thinking skills
• Mood

They might also ask other family members about any signs they’ve noticed.
Doctors can use imaging tests of the brain to decide if someone has Alzheimer’s or another problem.

• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures of the brain. The scan can show if someone has had strokes or tumors that might cause the symptoms.
• Positron emission tomography (PET) is a scan that uses tracers such as flortaucipir (Tauvid) to show the plaques that build up in brains affected by Alzheimer’s. But Medicare and other insurance carriers usually don’t cover PET scans.
• Precivity AD test is a blood test that looks at the amounts of proteins such as beta amyloid and Apo E in blood. The presence or absence helps determine the probability of whether an imaging study (like a PET scan) can detect plaques in the brain and lead to an Alzheimer’s diagnosis.

What’s the Treatment for Alzheimer's Disease?​

There’s no cure for Alzheimer’s disease. But there are medicines that seem to slow down its progress, especially in the early stages. Others can help with mood changes and other behavior problems.

• Aducanumab-avwa (Aduhelm). This human monoclonal antibody is the first therapy that targets the fundamental pathophysiology of the disease by reducing amyloid beta plaques in the brain. It is for use in those with early stages of Alzheimer’s and with confirmed presence of amyloid pathology. It may cause swelling of bleeding in the brain.
• Donepezil (Aricept), galantamine(Razadyne, formerly known as Reminyl), and rivastigmine (Exelon). These medications work in the same way as Cognex but don’t have the same bad side effects. They may improve how well the brain works in the early stages of Alzheimer’s and delay how fast symptoms get worse.
• Memantine (Namenda). This drug keeps brain cells from using too much of a brain chemical called glutamate, which Alzheimer’s-damaged cells make too much of. The drug seems to protect against nerve damage and has fewer side effects than other drugs. It may keep moderate to severe symptoms from getting worse quickly. People who have moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease may take this drug along with donepezil, galantamine, or rivastigmine.
• Memantine-Donepezil(Namzaric). This drug is a combination of donepezil and memantine. It’s meant for those with moderate to severe Alzheimer's.
• Tacrine (Cognex). This was the first drug approved by the FDA for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. It worked by slowing the breakdown of a brain chemical, called acetylcholine, that helps nerve cells in the brain send messages to each other. Because this drug caused liver damage, it was taken off the market in 2012.

Source

 

[bottom line]

I have geriatric patients inflicted with horrible disease. May be some one will read and try to understand this monster disease. Last stage is very horrible.

my father suffered from this. When he was diagnosed I red all the stages online. sometime ignorance is blessing. we could not do anything but atleast we were mentally prepared. on top he broke his leg and was on bed for his last 2 years. Its really painful when people joke about this disease

 

[mughals]

Be Sure to Start Taking Your Vitamins and Memory-Specific Nutrients:

• Coenzyme Q10.
• Alpha-lipoic acid.
• Ginkgo biloba. (Check with your doctor)
• Omega-3's. (From fish or supplements)

Honey, pomegranate, olives as mentioned in the Quran have the highest antioxidants and omega3.

 

[Night_Hawk]

5 Myths About Alzheimer's Disease ​

By Kara Mayer Robinson
Medically Reviewed by Neil Lava, MD on January 23, 2015
From the WebMD Archives
Get the facts about Alzheimer's disease as we clear up five common misunderstandings.

Myth No. 1: Alzheimer’s happens only to older people.​

Most people with Alzheimer’s are 65 and older. But it can happen when you’re younger, too. About 5% of people with the disease get symptoms in their 30s, 40s, or 50s. It’s called early-onset Alzheimer’s.
People who have it often go a long time before getting an accurate diagnosis. That’s because doctors don’t usually consider it a possibility during midlife. They often think symptoms like memory loss are from stress.
Early-onset Alzheimer's can be genetic. Scientists think it involves changes in one of three rare genes passed down from a parent.

Myth No. 2: Alzheimer’s symptoms are a normal part of aging.​

Some memory loss is a normal part of aging. But Alzheimer’s symptoms -- like forgetfulness that interferes with your daily life, and disorientation -- are not.
It’s normal to forget where your keys are from time to time. But forgetting how to drive to a place you’ve been many times, or losing track of what season it is, points to a more serious problem.


Unlike the mild memory loss that can happen with aging, Alzheimer's disease takes a growing toll on the brain. As the disease gradually worsens, it takes away someone's ability to think, eat, talk, and more.
So, if your mind doesn't seem as sharp as it used to be, that doesn't mean you have Alzheimer's symptoms. The condition becomes more common among people as they age, but “it isn’t an inevitable part of aging,” says George Perry, MD. He's a neuroscientist and a member of the Alzheimer’s Foundation of America.

Myth No. 3: Alzheimer’s doesn't lead to death.​

Sadly, it's the sixth leading cause of death in the U.S. Most people live 8 to 10 years after they’re diagnosed.

They can forget to drink or eat, or they might have trouble swallowing, which can lead to a severe shortage of nutrients. They can also have breathing problems, and that can lead to pneumonia, which is often deadly, Perry says.
Also, the high-risk behaviors that sometimes stem from Alzheimer's, like wandering into dangerous situations, can be fatal.

Myth No. 4: There are treatments that stop the disease from getting worse.​

While certain treatments can help against Alzheimer's symptoms, “there’s no current way to stop or slow” the disease itself, says Heather M. Snyder, PhD, of the Alzheimer’s Association.
Snyder warns against supplements, diets, or regimens that claim to cure it. No evidence shows they're useful treatments for the disease.
Five medications are FDA-approved to treat Alzheimer’s symptoms: donepezil (Aricept), galantamine (Razadyne), memantine (Namenda), rivastigmine (Exelon), and tacrine (Cognex).
These medications might help with thinking, memory, language skills, and some behavioral problems. But they don’t work for everyone. If they do work, the relief is usually temporary. Someone with the condition “may do better for a year or so at best,” Perry says.

Myth No. 5: Alzheimer’s is caused by aluminum, flu shots, silver fillings, or aspartame.​

You may have heard that cooking with aluminum pans or drinking from aluminum cans causes Alzheimer’s. But there’s no scientific evidence to back that claim.

Some people think the artificial sweetener aspartame causes it. No evidence supports that theory either.

Others think silver dental fillings raise your risk. Again, there’s not much to go on.
Another false belief is that flu shots cause Alzheimer’s. Research suggests the opposite is true: Vaccinations can lower your risk and boost your overall health.
Experts don’t know what causes the disease. It might be a mix of factors tied to genes, environment, and lifestyle. Some research suggests it might be related to health conditions like heart disease, high blood pressure, and diabetes. There’s a lot of research under way, but the results aren’t yet clear.
Scientists are becoming more interested in the possible role of lifestyle factors. Snyder says a healthy diet, exercise, being social, and doing things that challenge your mind might lower your risk. Since the research is still early on, the exact “lifestyle recipe” is unknown, though.
Source