Global survey shows drop in support for US Foreign Policy - Most respondents in almost all countries opposed US drone strikes

[Lodhi]

International approval of US President Barack Obama's foreign policy has dropped sharply during his term in office, a Pew Research survey suggests.

Among the 21 countries surveyed, the largest drop in approval - from 57% to 27% - was seen in China, the Global Attitudes Project reveals.
Most respondents in almost all countries opposed US drone strikes.
The figures come months before the president seeks re-election, with polls showing a close race with Mitt Romney.
Foreign policy does not traditionally play a key role in US presidential elections, but Mr Obama's campaign has trumpeted his foreign policy record - including killing Osama Bin Laden - amid ongonig criticism of his record at home.
Despite the drop in overall support, confidence in Mr Obama remains high among US allies, especially in Europe, the Pew survey shows.
"I think where you see the real disappointment is when you deal with specific policies," said Richard Wike, associate director of the Pew Global Attitudes Project.
He added that the survey showed big gaps between expectation levels and action over Mr Obama's policies on climate change and treatment of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

Economic power

According to Mr Wike, confidence in Mr Obama and approval of his international policies has trended downward during the course of his presidency, but has not dropped sharply in a single year.
Besides China, the largest declines in foreign policy approval by 2012 included long-term ally Japan and neighbour Mexico.
Among five European countries surveyed both in 2009 and 2012, approval of Mr Obama's international policies dropped from 78% to 63%. In five Muslim countries surveyed in both years, the approval rate dropped from 34% to 15%. Russia also joined the countries with double-digit declines, from 40% of respondents approving US international policies to 22%, an 18% decrease.
While Mr Obama generally has higher approval ratings than President George W Bush did at the end of his second term, their approval ratings are now matched in Pakistan and Mr Obama's remain only slightly better in Lebanon.
Among the countries surveyed there was widespread opposition to US drone strikes. At least 50% of respondents in 17 countries disapproved of such strikes, with the largest percentages in the Middle East, Mexico and Greece.
In recent weeks, Mr Obama has become more closely associated with the US drone programme, with a New York Times report noting he personally approves each strike, and that the US keeps a "kill list" of potential strikes against militants.
In addition to changes in sentiment towards Mr Obama and his policies, the survey records a shift in the way economic power is perceived.
Majorities in Germany, Britain, France and Spain now regard China as the world's leading economic power, not the US. In the UK, this percentage has doubled since 2008.
Mr Wike told the BBC the US had seen a downward trend in its perceived economic power since the 2008 financial crisis and subsequent recession, despite Mr Obama receiving "reasonably good marks on global economic issues".
However, American "soft power" gets higher marks, especially among young respondents.
The American way of doing business is popular in the Middle East, with more than 50% in Lebanon, Tunisia, Jordan and Egypt saying they like this part of US image.
Majorities or pluralities in 18 of 20 countries admire US science and technology, according to the survey. American ideas about democracy are more popular among respondents under 30 in several countries, including Tunisia and China.

Analysis
PJ Crowley
Former US Assistant Secretary of State

There is a lot of uncertainty around the world and a healthy dose of that always gets projected on the US. People around the world remain divided about American power. They do not want the US to interfere, but also think the US can do more, whether it is about the global financial crisis or the situation in Syria.
The exception is undoubtedly in China, where the Chinese people see the US as more of a regional competitor than a global partner. Its policy of defending the Assad regime, rather than identifying with the Syrian people, has hurt China's carefully cultivated image. That is clearly reflected in these numbers.
The US needs to look at these numbers with an open mind and understand what they mean. The US sees drones as the perfect weapon in the struggle against violent extremists. Clearly, much of the world disagrees. We tend to see them as surgical while the rest of the world sees them as illegal.
It does not necessarily mean they should be grounded, but if the US is going to employ drones, it needs to do a much better job of explaining what those operations are about and build international understanding and support for them

ایک عالمی سروے کے مطابق امریکی صدر براک اوباما کی خارجہ پالیسی کی عالمی سطح پرحمایت میں تیزی سے کمی ہوئی ہے اور امریکی ڈرون حملے پوری دنیا میں غیر مقبول ہیں۔


پیو ریسرچ سینٹر کی جانب سے اکیس ممالک میں کیے جانے والے سروے کے مطابق صدر براک اوباما کے عہدہ صدارت کے دوران ان کی عالمی پالیسیوں کی حمایت میں سب سے زیادہ کمی چین میں آئی ہے۔
حالانکہ ان کے اتحادی ملک یورپ میں ان کی مقبولیت میں کوئی کمی نہیں آئی ہے اور یورپ امریکہ کی عالمی پالیسیوں اور خود باراک اوباما پر پوری طرح یقین کرتا ہے اور ان کا بڑا حمایتی ہے۔


پیو رسرچ سینٹر کے ایک ڈائریکٹر رچرڈ وکی کا کہنا ہے’ان کے خیال سے باراک اوباما سے سب سے زیادہ مایوسی وہاں ہوئی جہاں انہیں مخصوص پالیسیاں نافذ کرنا تھیں۔‘
ان کا کہنا تھا کہ سروے میں پایا گیا ہے کہ سب سے زیادہ مایوسی اوباما کی جانب سے ماحولیاتی تبدیلی اور اسرائیل اور فلسطین کے تنازع سے نمٹنے میں ناکامی کی وجہ سے ہوئی ہے۔
یورپ کے پانچ ممالک جن میں سنہ 2009 اور 2012 میں بھی اوباما کی عالمی پالیسی سے متعلق کیے گئے سروے کے نتائج کے مطابق تین سالوں میں ان کی مقبولیت میں اٹھہتر فیصد سے کم ہو کر تریسٹھ فی صد ہوگئی ہے۔
یہ بات قابل ذکر ہے کہ باراک اوباما امریکہ کے سابق صدر جارج بش سے زیادہ مقبول ہیں۔
حالانکہ ان کی مقبولیت اس وقت پاکستان میں ایک جیسی ہے جبکہ صدر اوباما لبنان میں ان سے زیادہ مقبول ہیں۔
جن ممالک میں سروے کیا گیا ہے ان میں سے بیشتر نے امریکی کی جانب سے کیے جانے والے ڈرون حملوں کی مخالفت کی ہے۔
فرانسیسی خبر رساں ایجنسی اے ایف پی کے مطابق سروے میں کہا گیا ہے کہ امریکہ کے باسٹھ فیصد عوام ڈرون حملوں کی حمایت کرتی ہے۔
‎واضح رہے کہ وائٹ ہاؤس نے اس رپورٹ پر ردعمل دینے سے انکار کر دیا ہے.ا
ڈرون حملوں کی حمایت کرنے والے ممالک کی فہرست میں بھارت بھی شامل ہے جہاں سروے کے مطابق بتیس فی صد لوگ ڈرون حملوں کی حمایت کرتے ہیں جبکہ اکیس فی صد افراد اس کی مخالفت کرتے ہیں۔

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-18417967